During organizational change, there is an 18+ month period that I like to call the “trough of chaos.” Here, we encounter normal responses to change such as denial, resistance, acceptance, exploration, and commitment. And during these common human reactions, leaders help people by clarifying direction, defining priorities, coaching, collaborating, and delegating. The overall goal is to end up on the other side of the trough of chaos with a team that is committed to moving forward, sees the big picture, and understands it. We also want a team that takes responsibility for next steps, and generates the desired outcomes in an effective and efficient manner. In short, all parties, leaders and followers, feel empowered, engaged, and energized to continue moving forward.
However, for many people in leadership positions, the focus on the outer elements of the trough of chaos does not acknowledge something else that often takes place. Many leaders, who are helping others move through the trough of chaos, find themselves experiencing an inner trough of chaos. On the outside, these people are leading, while on the inside they are worried, worn, and struggling deeply with their own internal process. Most people don’t see this struggle, and most leaders don’t talk about it.
As a long time executive coach, I routinely see it and hear about it. l listen to their inner dialogue. I see the pain, the anguish, and the doubt about what to do and how to do it. I witness their journey over time, and know the depth of this struggle.
For many leaders, this inner trough of chaos happens on two different levels. First, they feel overwhelmed with the data points that are indicating that everyone needs to move faster. Second, they are overwhelmed with the diversity and magnitude of different peoples’ reactions to change. The combination of these two levels results in leaders choosing a conquer and control response to everything and everyone around them. Very few choose a different pathway, namely a connections and clarity response. Over time, the former generates a profound level of personal burn-out and cynicism about people and change. However, the later generates movement through their inner trough of chaos.
The Importance of Meta-Awareness
On many levels, the inner trough of chaos is just the same as the outer, organizational trough of chaos. It includes the same stages and same reactions. The difficulty is that many leaders do not have a leader who is leading them through their inner trough of chaos. This is why the best leaders have executive coaches, confidants, and mentors who assist them in their internal work.
From my experience, the first step in this inner journey is to acknowledge that you are experiencing an inner trough of chaos. Acceptance is a good beginning. And yet, few leaders are willing to admit to it, because they believe it is a sign of weakness. I routinely point out that over time, denial is not an effective coping system. When we choose to accept that we are struggling, we then can begin to change the struggle.
The second step is to explore our internal dialogue about what is happening. All day and every day, we are talking to ourselves about what is happening around us and within us. This inner dialogue can be helpful, and it can be hurtful. What I have discovered from coaching people is that this inner dialogue is often focused on self-criticism and self-judgement. We are mad that things are not going “right” so we direct this anger inward. Sometimes, we direct it outward, too.
This on-going diet of internal criticism blinds us to see what is actually going right and where small acts of progress are taking place. It also prevents us from understanding what triggered us in the first place, and what caused us to get lost in an internal trough of chaos. When this happens, we need to engage in meta-awareness, namely we need to be aware of our awareness.
For example, when we find ourselves in an inner trough of chaos, the world around us and within us can feel threatening and overwhelming. And as a result, we typically respond in four ways, namely fight, flee, freeze, or faint/flop. Each of these normal stress responses are useful coping strategies. They keep us alive through the difficulties we are dealing with at this time period. However, they are all default responses.
Once we are aware of how we are responding to the inner trough of chaos, we can then ask ourselves two important questions: Is this the best response given the circumstances before me? Is my response hindering my ability to lead with clarity and integrity? By deploying our meta-awareness, we can thoughtfully and mindfully choose how to respond rather than react reflexively and unconsciously. In short, we can discern the difference between the inner trough of chaos as a time period of danger, and then begin to reframe it as a time period of transformation. Thus, over time, our meta-awareness creates resiliency rather than more fear, shame, and frustration.
Expand Your Support Network
As we do this reframing process, we need to find and build new connections. In a company that is engaged in organizational change, a struggling leader could turn to the Human Resources Department for tools, insights, assistance, and perspective. The members of this team can help on so many different levels and in so many creative and effective ways. Yet, many leaders, who are struggling internally, often do not turn to their corporate HR for assistance. They feel ashamed and embarrassed that they are struggling. This is why an expansion of their support network is so important. By the way, the best HR departments I have witnessed actually should be called the Human Resources & Connections Department. For it is the combination of the two that yields results.
But the question I so routinely get asked is “Where do I find these connections?” And my answer is “everywhere.” More specifically, we need to turn to relationships that will help us to understand and better discern this internal process. These kinds of people give us connective advantage, referencing the work of Hermina Ibara in her book, Act Like A Leader, Think Like A Leader (Harvard Business Review Press, 2015). These individuals help you find and access resources, expertise, and ideas which can assist you in reframing the internal process. As another consultant shared with me years ago, we need to “be around people who are good for your soul.”
As we expand our support network, we need to remember the insight shared by Christoper Willard, PsyD in his book, How We Grow Through What We Go Through: Self-Compassion Practices For Post-Traumatic Growth ( Sounds True, 2022). As he explains, “Recent research has made it ever more clear that emotions, moods, and behaviors are contagious. Some scientists call this ‘interpersonal neurobiology’; others have studied the ways ‘mirror neurons’ create an emotional give-and-take through thousands of micro expressions revealed in our faces each second. Still others explain this as the collective nervous system that regulates and dysregulates in sync with others, impacting our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. With practice, we can jumpstart the social-engagement system for our connecting and healing, cultivating a ‘neuroception of safety’.” An expanded support network helps our interpersonal neurobiology and cultivates the ‘neuroception of safety. All of which can make a major difference when we are moving through an inner trough of chaos.
For me, the late Irish poet and priest John O’Donohue summarized it best when we wrote: “In these times of greed and externality, there is such unusual beauty in having friends who practice profound faithfulness to us, praying for us each day without our ever knowing or remembering it. There are often lonesome frontiers we could never endure or cross without the inner sheltering of these friends. It is hard to live a true life that endeavors to be faithful to its own calling and not become haunted by the ghosts of negativity; therefore, it is not a luxury to have such friends; it is necessary.” Expanding one’s support network is necessary when working through an inner trough of chaos.
Define Boundaries
Many leaders suffer with co-dependency. When this surfaces during an organizational trough of chaos, and is accompanied by an inner trough of chaos, this can result in some unhealthy choices and behaviors. For example, these leaders often funnel all their time and energy into supporting everyone else without making time or space to consider what they need for themselves. This choice also can include a variety of controlling type behaviors, unhealthy levels of self-sacrifice, and a deep fear of being rejected for the choices they are making. In short, their self-esteem, confidence, and clarity are all determined by whether or not people like them and whether change is happening in a positive and efficient manner.
However, change on the outside and on the inside is rarely efficient or totally positive. Furthermore, most people resist change, because it often includes a loss of clarity, control, connections, and confidence. In simple terms, for most people change begins with an ending rather than a new beginning. And when a leader experiences the convergence of an organizational trough of chaos plus an inner trough of chaos, they end up pendulum swinging between hopelessness and low self-esteem. They also end up needing to control everything and everyone around them in order to create some degree of order and predictability in their life.
This is why leaders, who are experiencing an inner trough of chaos, need to define and establish boundaries. By setting these boundaries, they begin to communicate their needs and limits to those around them. It also protects their well-being by preventing burnout, which can help in managing stress, and fostering healthier relationships. As executive coach Kevin Cashman wrote years ago, “Leaders get what they exhibit and what they tolerate.” Defining boundaries helps determine what is and what is not okay in a relationship, and in the ways we work through change.
“Boundaries empower us,” writes Christopher Willard, PsyD in the aforementioned book. “Not as a power over others, in a power from others. We become empowered with the choice to decide how much power other people, places, and things hold in our lives. In turn, we can choose how much they influence and impact our own thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. We begin to approach the world in a new way, with confidence and compassion, focusing on the potential, power, and relief it can bring.”
When we are struggling, defining and maintaining boundaries are important. In specific, we need to clearly define when it is time to work and when it is time to recover from work. We need to make time for self and family. We also need to make time for faith and friends. By defining these time periods and maintaining these time periods, we can approach all that is happening on the inside and on the outside of our life with more confidence and self-compassion. Then, we will be better able to lead and empower ourselves and others to move through the trough of chaos. In short, we can reclaim a life of wholeness rather than a life divided.
Practice More Self-Compassion
Next, as we move through the inner trough of chaos, we will need to practice self-compassion, i.e being kind and understanding towards ourself in the midst of our struggles. Rather than getting caught up in self-judgement, co-dependence, self-criticism, and a tendency towards isolation, we need to be more mindful of how we are feeling and acknowledge the reality that we struggling in spite of all we are trying to do and get done. To do this, it will involve both inner growth and inner healing.
However, as Christopher Willard, PsyD reminds us, “Self-compassion helps us to be okay with the fact that growth and healing happen on different timelines.” Therefore, we will need to grow a new perspective on how to live and lead. We also will need to heal from the tyranny of past choices and experiences.
Associate professor in the University of Texas at Austin’s department of educational psychology and pioneer in the study of self-compassion, Kristin Neff, Ph.D. wrote, “We can’t heal what we can’t feel.” So, part of the work requires us to reclaim our EQ, not just expand our IQ. This will involve having a greater depth of emotional literacy. For that, I always recommend reading the following book: Brown, Brene’, Atlas of the Heart: Mapping Meaningful Connection and the Language of Human Experience (Random House, 2021). As Brown notes, “Without understanding how our feelings, thoughts, and behaviors work together, it’s almost impossible to find our way back to ourselves and each other. When we don’t understand how our emotions shape our thoughts and decisions, we become disembodied from our own experiences and disconnected from each other.”
At the same time, I am reminded of something related to growing and healing that Christopher Willard, PsyD. explained: “A full life is both/and, not either/or, and too often we assume things are one way or another, when they are in fact multifaceted, multi-determined, and complex. To paraphrase ideas that make the rounds online: You can be grateful and still need more for yourself. You can be resilient and still need rest. You can be fiercely independent and still need and want others. You can be certain and still change your mind. You can be caring and compassionate toward yourself without feeling guilty. You can be kind and generous and still say no and set boundaries, knowing that sometimes saying no itself is an act of generosity. You can have done your best in the past, yet since that time, you might have learned new ways of doing things. Finally, other people may have problems and pain, but yours still matter. You can be courageous and still be scared of doing something - yet you can do it anyway.” The practice of self-compassion may be scary and hard, but with courage and a healthy network of support people we can move forward through the difficulties before us and find a new way of living and leading.
Role Model Radical Respect
Working our way through an inner trough of chaos can be wildly disorienting. We will often feel unrooted and off center. We can even feel lost. At times like this, I suggest we embrace and role model radical respect.
The poet Mark Nepo in his book, Surviving Storms: Finding The Strength To Meet Adversity (St. Martin’s Essentials, 2022) explains the concept of radical respect: “People who are considered radical are typically associated with advocating complete social or political change. Yet, often, what is first seen as radical is, in time, considered foundational. This brings us to the original sense of the word radical, which has a deeper and more compelling notion that comes from the Latin radicalis, meaning “inherent, forming the root. In the plant world, radical means “return to the root.” And the word respect means “to look again.” A radical respect, therefore, means “to return with open eyes to the root of things.” In its deepest sense, to be radical is not veering sharply from the norm but pursuing and returning to the intrinsic nature of things. This speaks to something very essential to being alive.”
When we embrace and role model radical respect, we are stripping away the clutter of life and returning to those core elements that make life meaningful and essential. It is from this rebuilt foundation that we reclaim and/or discover a new sense of hope.
As Brene’ Brown in the aforementioned book writes “We need hope like we need air. To live without hope is to risk suffocating on hopelessness and despair, risk being crushed by the belief that there is no way out of what is holding us back, no way to get to what we desperately need.” Brown continues: “We experience hope when: 1. We have the ability to set realistic goals (I know where I want to go). 2. We are able to figure out how to achieve this goals, including the ability to stay flexible and develop alternative pathways (I know how to get there, I’m persistent, and I can tolerate disappointment, and try new paths again and again). 3. We have agency - we believe in ourselves (I can do this!).”
From my perspective, all three of these elements transform the normal difficulties found in the inner trough of chaos. But the gateway to hope begins with embracing and role model radical respect, namely to stay in touch with the root of our humanity. When we choose to return to the root, we discover again that hope, purpose, and self-compassion are interconnected. We also discover that we are not alone in our journey through the inner trough of chaos. Instead, we find a community of people in the midst of the chaos who can offer support, stability, and connection. They stand with us and stand by us in the midst of our struggles. They hold us up and remind us that “this too shall pass.”
Find the Inner Teacher
“Much of our anxiety and inner turmoil comes from living in a global culture whose values drive us from the essence of what matters,” writes the poet Mark Nepo. “At the heart of this is the conflict between the outer definition of success and the inner value of peace.” This conflict is at the heart and soul of the inner trough of chaos. We are caught between what we must do to make make organizational change happen, and our inner desire to find peace and clarity through the process.
The pathway to resolving this inner conflict begins when we engage our meta-awareness so we can more fully understand what is happening. Next, we need to expand our support network, and define clear boundaries. We also need to practice more self-compassion, and role model radical respect. The convergence of these five choices creates a framework for resolution and reconstruction of a life based on the essence of what mattes most.
American author and educator, Parker Palmer reminds us that as we do this level of inner work we will discover something very important. As he explains, “Each of us has an inner teacher, a voice of truth, that offers the guidance and power we need to deal with our problems.” By doing this in-depth, inner work, we can open ourselves up to a voice of truth, perspective, love, and support that can help us move forward through the trough of chaos, and guide us to a meaningful and fulfilling life.
© Geery Howe 2025